DESCRIPTION & OPERATION
The Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) continuously monitors pressure and temperature inside the tire in order to warn the driver of the changes in tire pressure that may have influence on vehicle driving conditions. TPMS control module analyzes the data from the WE (Wheel Electronic) sensor attached inside each wheel and determines the tire conditions and generates a signal that is necessary for warning lamp control.
Function
By detecting the pressure, temperature, acceleration, and battery condition, transmit information to ECU by a wireless RF. Wheel location is recognized by comparing the Wheel Pulse of ECS (ABS) and acceleration values of the sensor (High Line).
Structure and features
There are four sensors mounted in each wheel of the vehicle. Frequency conversion type is FSK, and High Line is used in common.
TROUBLESHOOTING
Turn IG OFF and then IG ON again to check the warning light type.
Warning lamp types (and what they mean):
- Stays on without blinking: Low pressure tire warning lamp
- Flashes constantly at half-second intervals: Initial state warning lamp
- Cluster blinks for one minute at one second intervals, then turns ON: Error code warning lamp. There’s a TPMS receiver and TPMS sensor failure.
NOTE: In case the warning lamp fails to turn OFF after injecting tire pressure, disconnect the GDS and drive less than 1 km at 25 km/h.
- Low tire pressure warning lamp cold: Vehicle kept for more than 60 minutes after stopping.→ 0.07 kgf/cm2 (1.0 psi) additional injection at the specified tire pressure. Hot: Driven vehicle→ 0.28 kgf/cm2 (4.0 psi) additional injection at the specified tire pressure.
Inspect initial state warning lamp.
NOTE: Turn IG OFF and then IG ON again to check the warning lamp type.
Inspect these items in the event of a blinking warning lamp: Enter sensor ID; enter vehicle name; enter VIN; change TPMS ECU mode to Standard mode.
MEMORIZING THE TIRE PRESSURE SENSOR ID
TPMS Automatic Location Learning
1) General Function
Auto-learn takes place only once per Ignition cycle.
On successful completion, four road wheel sensor IDs are latched into memory for monitoring.
Until auto-learn completes, previously learned sensors are monitored for under inflation/leak warnings.
2) General Conditions to Learn New Sensors
Receiver must determine that it is confident that sensor is not temporary. It uses vehicle speed, as well as confidence reduction of previously learned sensors. The typical time to learn a new sensor is up to 20 minutes while driving continuously over 15.5 mph (25 kph).
3) General Conditions to un-learn a sensor that is removed
The wheel angular velocity of wheels is different in the following cases:
- Slip for each axis occurs differently.
- Rotation radius (the radius of curve) for each wheel is different.
- Tire wear, internal pressure, tire specifications, etc. for each tire are different.
TPMS sensor is transmitted to RF signal at only specific phase (the angle of the tire) in the learning mode.
TPMS receiver checks each tire phase (tire angle) information on receiving RF signals from the sensor.
Every time RF signals from sensor IDs one, two, three and four are received, the ID with the highest correlation among the phase of each collected wheel is transmitted. (In other words, each time RF signal is received, the phase of the tire is transmitted to the most constant wheel.)
TPMS sensor transmits the RF signal at intervals of 16 seconds in the learning mode.
After stopping or parking for more than 19 minutes, automatic learning function in every driving position is performed.
The sensor is converted to Parking Mode when stopped or parked for more than 15 minutes. When acceleration of over 4g (15-20km/h) is detected in Parking Mode, it is converted to First Block Mode.
TIRE PRESSURE SENSOR REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Replacement
1) Remove the valve core and deflate the tire.
2) Remove the side of the tire bead area from the wheel using tire changing machine.
NOTE: The tire bead should be broken approx. 90 degrees from the valve side of the wheel. The bead breaker should not be set too deep.
Avoid tire/tool contact with the valve while demounting. Demounting should end near the valve.
3) Rotate the wheel clockwise.
4) Check for deviation of the valve (air inlet portion in silver) during transportation and assemble the valve in the indented state from the original position (metal brackets).
5) To prevent the valve from rotating and deviating the set position while the nut is being tightened, push the valve into the set position (inside the metal brackets). Tighten to the specified torque (8 Nm) and do not reuse the nut.
6) Push the valve into the valve hole so that the seal washer touches the rim.
7) While holding the housing with two fingers, push in the valve in the axial direction with another finger.
8) The housing laser marking should be visible.
9) When the valve is fully inserted, start tightening the nut several times by hand while keeping the sensor contacting the rim.
10) Mount the nut using a tool while maintaining the position of the valve and the sensor.
11) Apply tire soap or lubrication to the top and bottom tire beads.
12) To fit the bottom bead, position the sensor at the 5 o'clock position relative to the head on the tire changing machine.
13) Place the tire on the rim so the bottom bead touches the edge of the rim after the sensor ( at the 6 o'clock position). Rotate the rim clockwise and push down on the tire at the 3 o'clock position to fit bottom bead.
14) After bottom bead is on tire, rotate the rim until the sensor is at the 5 o'clock position relative to the head on the tire changing machine. Push down on the tire at the 3 o'clock position and rotate the rim clockwise to fit the top bead.
15) Inflate the tire until both beads seat.
16) In case of TPMS sensor failure, TPMS sensor learning is needed. After replacing faulty sensor with a new unit, perform TPMS sensor learning.
Inspection After Installing TPMS Sensor
Seal washer must be compressed on the outer surface of rim hole.
The lower part of the valve must locate in the set position (within metal bracket) of the housing.
One or more points of the housing must be contacting the surface of the wheel.
The mounting height of the housing must not exceed the sill of the wheel.
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
Component Ft. Lbs. (N.m)
Wheel Nut 79.6 - 94.0 (107.9 - 127.5)
